Intervenciones de prevención y tratamiento en recién nacidos con defectos del tubo neural: Prevention and treatment interventions in newborns with neural tube defects

Ariela Vázquez-Hernández; Laura Álvarez-Gallardo

doi:10.51422/ren.v20i3.344

Authors

Ariela Vázquez-Hernández Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Escuela Nacional de Enfermería y Obstetricia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0381-8660
Laura Álvarez-Gallardo Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Coordinación de Enseñanza en Enfermería https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2820-5027

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51422/ren.v20i3.344

Keywords:

Neural tube defects, Nursing care, Prevention, Folic acid, Hydrocephalus, Ventriculoperitoneal shunt, Myelomeningocele

Abstract

Introduction: Neural tube defects are congenital anomalies of the central nervous system; these malformations increase the degree of morbidity and mortality in newborns during the first ten years of life.

Objective: To define the interventions that the nursing professional can carry out in the newborn with neural tube defects, taking into account aspects of prevention and treatment.

Method: A systematic search was carried out in the databases of PudMed and BVS during July-September 2021, which included complete articles related to nursing interventions for newborns with neural tube defects published between 2016-2021 and medical review articles. literary.

Results: 41 articles were selected to define the interventions, namely: a) Preventive interventions with the consumption of folic acid, prenatal control and health education, b) Interventions related to treatment focused on the care of ventriculoperitoneal shunts and care of surgical wounds, c) interventions for complications.

Discussion: Infant mortality and disability rates have increased in recent years despite advances in preventive medicine, which is why the consumption of folic acid, health education and hospital care methods are relevant.

Conclusions: the neonatal nurse can participate with standardized care for the benefit of newborns, considering interventions to avoid delayed growth and development of motor and cognitive milestones, reduce complications and improve the chances of an optimal life condition.

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Prevention and treatment interventions in newborns with neural tube defects